Type wiiting machine



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J. P. MGLAUGHLIN. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented Jan. 14, 1896.

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Patented Jan. 14, 1896.

J. F. MQLAUGHLIN. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

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(No Model.)

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J. F. MGLAUGHLIN. TYPE WRITING MAGHINE.

No. 553,173.` Patented Jan. 14, 1896.`

ANDRE! BGRMMM. PHUTOUYHOAWASNINGTOWD (No Model.) l 4 Sheets-Sheetl 4 l.J. I'. MGLAUGHLINY. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 553,"1`73. Patented Jan. 14, I896.`

v y M INUENTUPF UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES F. MCLAUGIILIY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 553,173, dated January14, 1896.

Application filed July 16, 1887. Serial No.244.-,434. (No model.)

T all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES F. MCLAUGHLIN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inReverse Movements for Electrical T ype-VVriting Machines; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

My invention has reference to improvements in electrical type-writers,the improvement being directed to the mechanical devices for reversingor returning the traveling carriage to the beginning of the nextsucceeding line after the desired space has been made between thecompleted line and the next to be printed, which subject -matter isshown and described in myPatent No. 369,954, dated September 13, 1887.By reference to the said patent it will be seen therefrom that theelectrical impulse which actuates the electromechanical letter-spacingmechanism is imparted from a local or intermediate source by themovement of each and every type-lever after their respective imprint hasbeen registered upon the traveling paper-roll. However, by thisimprovement the said letterspacing mechanism is actuated by the sameimpulse which energizes the type-lever magnets, as will be fullyunderstood by the explanation given hereinafter. The arrangement andoperation of the said type-levers may be found in my separate pendingapplication,`

Serial No. 232,548, and also in my Patent No. 367,650, dated August 2,1887.

My invention consists in a certain novel organization of apparatuscomprising details of construction and combinations of parts, all ofwhich Will be more fully described hereinafter, and the specific pointsof novelty in which will be designated in the appended claims. Y

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which form a component parthereof, Figure l is a central longitudinal section through the machine,Ashowing in side elevation the arrangement and construction of parts.Fig. 2 is an inverted plan view of the traveling carriage anditsincumbent mechanism. Fig.

3 is a view in elevation of the electro-mechanical letter-spacing motor,the rear framework and rack-bar of the traveling carriage, and certainother co-operatin g devices hereinafter described. Fig. 4 is a view inside elevation of the right-hand side of the traveling carriage, showingclearly the pawl-andratchet mechanism on the end of the paperroll, thepawl-lever actuated by the recoil of the carriage, and the system ofdevices for rotating the paper-roll one line-space when the saidcarriage reaches the beginning of the next succeeding line afterreversal. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of the pawllever shown inFig. et. Fig. 6 isa detail view of a modification of therack-bar-shifting mechanism shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. Fig. 7 is adetail view of a modified form of the plate which engages the lever ofthe shifting mechanism when the carriage recoils.

Like numbers of reference indicate like or corresponding parts in allthe figures of the drawings.

Referring to the said drawings by numbers, 1 designates a suitablecircular base made preferably of insulating material and designed tosupport the several parts of the apparatus, as shown in Fig. 1.

2 is a supplementary platform supported in an elevated position abovethe base 1 by in eans of the standards 3 3, and is centrally perforated,as shown, for a purpose which will appear hereinafter, anda is acircular disk supported above the platform 2 by the standards 5 5, andserves as a rest or seat for the free ends of the type-levers, as shownclearly in Fig. 1.

The type-levers G 6 are fulcrumed in the adjustable supports 7 7, whichin turn are located and secured at the required intervals apart in theslotted ring 8 by means of the nuts 9 9, and the ring 8 is suitablysupported upon the framework 10 by the inclined standards 1l 11, whichare formed integral with the said framework. Each type-lever isconnected by a suitable chain 12 with the upper end of its correspondingelbow-shaped armature 13, which in turn is pivoted above and inproximity to its respective electromagnet 11. Thus it will be seen thatthere is an electromagnet and armature for each type-lever circularlyand relatively situated upon and in- IOO sulated from the platform 2, asshown clearly in Fig. l.

' It is not thought necessary to further describe the arrangement of thetype-levers, their actuating magnets, vand other obvious andnon-essential construction, inasmuch as they are all clearly shown anddescribed in two of my patents, Nos. 369,954 and 367,650, and form nocomponent part of this invention.

The circuit-closin g key-levers 1 5, which correspond in number andrelative situation to the electromagnets, are suitably pivoted at therear of the machine in an insulated boxing 16 and extend radiallythrough perforations in the apron 17, forming a keyboard similar inarrangement to that of an ordinary type-Writer. As before stated, eachof said levers is made of current-conducting metal and is in circuitwith its corresponding magnet by means of a wire 19, (see Fig. 1,) andis adapted to engage, when depressed, its contact-point 20, which issecured upon the metallic plate 21, and is in circuit with the bat'-tery 18 by means of the wire 22.

From the preceding description it will be understood that eachdepression of any keylever will close the circuit from the battery 18over its path 22 21 2O 15 19 to its respective electromagnet 14, therebyenergizing same and causing the attraction of its armaure and and theconsequent impact of a type-lever against the traveling paper-roll.

23 designates a circular current-conducting ring suitably secured byperforated insulated lugs 24 24 to the framework V10 of the machine andextends circumferentially therearound, and 25 indicates a wireconnecting one terminal of the helix of each electromagnet with saidring 23, and 26 represents another wire electrically connecting the ring23 with one terminal of a helix of one of the spacing-magnets 27. Thespacing-magnets are preferably three in number `and are supported upon4a triangular yoke-piece suitably secured upon a framework 28, as shownin Fig. 3, and have the terminals of their helices connected in paralleland then with the line or ground, as shown in Fig. 1. A bracket 32 ismounted upon the horizontal portion 29 of the frame 28, in which ispivoted the lever 33, carrying the triangular armature 34 and thespring-actuated pawl 35. A coiled rey tracting-spring 36, secured at oneend to the lever 33 and at the opposite end to the bracket 3l, serves tokeep the lever and armature norm all y away from th e m agnet-poles, asshown in Fig. 3, and the play of said lever is limited by theadjusting-screws 37 and 38. The upper portion of frame 28 is bent toform the elbow-shaped lug 39, which supports the spring-actuatedcheck-pawl 40.

The carriage 41 consists essentially of the frame 42, the paper-roll 43,and the elbowshaped projections 44 44. The brackets 45 45 projectdownwardly from the vhorizontal portion of said projections 44 44 andcarry grooved friction-wheels 46 46.

47 47are curved supports secured to the supplementary platform 2 andhave at their upward extremities the journal-boxes 48 48, in which arepivoted at its ends the guidebar 49, havin gin cross-section the formshown in Fig. 1, which, it will be seen, is adapted to iit between thefriction-rollers 46 46 and so support the traveling carriage in itsproper position, at the same time leaving it free to move lengthwisealong said guide-bar 49.

The rear portion of the frame 42 is slightly elevated, as shown at 50,Fig. 4, and to the under side of this elevated portion are securedguide-strips 51 51, having veach an angular transverse recess or grooveon their inner edges for supporting and guiding the reciprocating plates52 52, so as to allow the latter to freely engage a'nd slide in the saidrecesses for a purpose hereinafter explained. The rack-bar 53 is rigidlysecured to the under side of each of the said plates 52 52 and isprovided with the inclined teeth 53a, in which normally rest the pawl 35and check-pawl 40, as shown clearly in Fig. 3. The object of thisconstruction is to permit of the free backward and forward movement ofthe rack-bar 53 and its attached plates 52 52 for a limited distance inthe recesses in the guide-strips 51 51, as will appear hereinafter.

54 designates a lever pivoted at the point 59 and having a cam portion57 in the form of an obtuse angle, as shown in Fig. 2. As will be seenfrom an inspection of Fig. 6, the lever 54 is further provided with thestraight forward portion and with the inwardlyextending rear extremity58, which latter portion is connected by means of a pivotal link 60 withthe center of the rack-bar 53, whereby the movement of the forward endof the said lever will force the rack-bar into the position shown indotted lines in Fig. 2.

Extending inwardly from the rear crossbar of the frame 42 are twotransverse plates 61 61 having the pins 62 62 projecting downwardly.(See Fig. 2.) `A spring 63 is secured centrally to the rack-bar 53, theends of which impinge against the pins 62 62, thereby keeping therack-bar 53 in its normal position, as

' shown in full lines in Fig. 2.

64 designates the pawl-lever, (shown in Figs. 4 and 5,) which is pivotedto the inner side of the bar of the frame 42 at the point 66 by means ofthe screw 66, from which it extends in a backward and downward directionand is bent nearly to a right angle, as at 67, passing under the frame42. Here it is again bent, as at 68, and is correspondingly curved in anupwardly-inclined direction, as at 69, and is finally turned at a rightangle to form the cam-head 70. To the rear of the head 70 and underneaththe lever is a recess 71 to engage and hold the end of the lever 54 whenthe latter is pressed inwardly out of its normal position. The oppositeend of the lever 64 is provided with the spring-actuated pivoted pawland is curved, as shown, to form the detent 72. A spring 73 is fixed tothe un- IOO IIO

der side of the frame 42 and is so arranged as to bear upon the lever 64at the point 67, and thus keep the rear end thereof normally in contactwith the end of the lever 54, as shown in Fig. 4.

The paper-roll 43 is supported in the frame 42 by means of theadjusting-screws 74, and rigidly secured to one end thereof is theratchetplate 7 5. 7 6 designates a smaller auxiliary roller mounted inthe bearing-lugs 77 77, which in turn are pivoted upon the studs 78 78,the said studs being rigidly secured in the smallbrackets or plates 7979 riveted to the side bars of the frame 42. 80 designates a springcoiled around each of the said studs 78 and arranged to exert itstension so as to normally press the roll 7 G against the larger roll 43.

Near the journal-bearings of the paper-roll 45 and upon each side bar ofthe framework 42 is affixed an upright 81, having horizontal base 82formed integral therewith and securely riveted to each of the said sidebars. These uprights serve as bearings for each of the spring-actuatedknife-supports 83 83, each of which latter is provided with a smalllaterally-projecting stud or arbor, which in turn enters its respectivejournal-bearing in the uprights 81 81.

85 designates the longitudinal paper-knife which extends lengthwise andin close proximity to the periphery of the paper-roll 43 and serves as aconvenient mode for dividing the paper fed from an endless roll into anynumber of sheets and of any desired lengths, according to the will ofthe operator, as will appear from the operation described hereinafter.

S6 designates a spring coiled and arranged similarly to the spring 80 ofthe auxiliary roll 7 6, and serves to keep the knife 85 the requisitedistance above the paper-roll, to prevent any impediment to thepaper-feeding mechanism.

S7 designates a central spring paper-guide adj ustably secured upon thecentral portion of the longitudinal supporting-rod 88, which in turn isrigidly fastened at each extremity in the side bars of the frame 42,(see Figs. 1 and 2,) the function of this spring guideplate beinganalogous to its equivalent device on the Remington type-writer.

89 89 are two uprights similar in construction to the knife-supports 8181, and are secured on the elevated portion of each side bar of theframe 42, and 90 designates a suitable roll journaled at each end in oneof the uprights 89, and is designed to carry a roll of paper 91. (SeeFig. 1.)

0n the forward portion of the framework 42 are journaled two smallfriction-rollers 92 92, which travel upon the forward guidebar 93, asthe traveling carriage proceeds in a forward or backward direction, and94 94 are two curved supports similar in construction to the backstandards 47 47, supporting the front guide-bar 93 of the travelingcarriage in an elevated position.

95 designates a small horizontal plate rigidly secured to the top of theright-hand elbow-shaped bracket 44 of the traveling carriage, and isprovided with a small eye or perforation, as shown in Fig. 3, in whichperforation is inserted the link 96, which is attached at its otherextremity to the cord 97 carrying the depending weight 98, the object ofwhich latter is to recoil the carriage when assisted by thebefore-described auxiliary devices.

The operation of my invention is as follows: Assuming the parts to be intheir initial position-z'. e., at the beginning of alineif we nowdepress one of the key-levers 15 to make contact with the point 20 forclosing the electric circuit at that point the path of the electriccurrent will be as follows: starting from the battery 18, through thewire 22, plate 21, contact-point 20, key-lever 15, and

wire 19 to the electromagn et 14, energizing the same, and passing on,by means of the wire 25, to the conductin g-ring 23, and thence throughthe wire26 to the spacing-magri@ N27similarly energizing said magnetsandiassing on to the line to the ground, or back to the battery throughany suitable conductor. Then the electromagnet 14 is energized thearmature 13, being attracted, it thereby actuates the respectivetype-lever, forcing it against the paper-roll and causing an imprint tobe made upon the paper upon the said paper-roll. The magnets 14 being oflow resistance and the armature 13 having only the weight of thetype-levers to overcome the action of these latter magnets is renderedcomparatively easy, and the movement of the type-levers is practicallyinstantaneous, but the spacingmagnets 27, having a greater number ofconvolutions of wire than the magnets 14, and also having moreresistance to overcome in moving the traveling carriage, their action isrelatively slower than that of the magnets 14, so that the type-leverhas had sufficient time to have performed its function and has returnedto it-s normal position before the spacing movement takes place.

The aforesaid spacing movement is performed as follows: Then thetype-lever has left the paper the spacing-magnets 27 being actuated bythe same electrical impulse as the magnet 14 but operating atadeterminate time thereafter, as-before described, the armature 34 isattracted, carrying with it the lever 33 and the pawl 35, and the latterbeing normally in engagement with the teeth 53a of the rack-bar 53through the agency of spring 35, it will advance the traveling carriageforward on the bar 49 a distance corresponding to that interveningbetween two of the teeth 532, which distance will be equal to oneletterspace. Vhen this movement is completed one of the teeth 53L willhave passed over the pawl 40, and the latter, by reason of the springat- ICO IIO

tached thereto, will fall behind the said tooth and hold the travelingcarriage from backward movement until the circuit is again broken andthe armature with its auxiliary mechanism resumes their normalpositions, in which latter movement the pawl 35 passes freelyover one ofthe teeth 53n of the rack-bar 53 in the proper position to repeat thespacing movement when the next key is depressed. Vhen the travelingcarriage is nearing the end of a line, the inclined face 57 of the lever54 comes in contact with the small roller or stop 99 supported upon thebracket 100, secured to the lug 39 of the framework 28. (See Fig. 1.) Asthe carriage continues to advance the outer end of the said lever isforced inwardly by the action of the roller 99 upon the inclined face 57thereof, and the opposite end 58, together with the link 60 and therack-bar 53, are moved rearwardly until the several parts assume theposition shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, at which time the rack-bar 53is out of alignment or rather engagement with the pawls 35 and 40, andthe traveling carriage is free to be recoiled by means of the weight 98,as will be apparent.

Referring to Fig. 4, it will be seen that when in its normal positionthe end of the lever 64 adjacent to the cam-head 70 will rest upon theend of the lever 54 and the end of the spring-actuated pawl G5 willimpinge against the apex of one of the teeth of .the ratchetdisk 75,thereby preventing said disk and the attached paper-roll 43 from beingaecid entally rotated in the direction of the arrow, while the detent101, pivotally attached to the frame 42 and in engagement on theopposite side in the ratchet-teeth, will prevent any displacement in theother direction. Vhen the traveling carriage reaches the terminus of aline and the lever 54 is consequently forced inwardly, as beforedescribed, the recessed portion 71 of the lever 64 will fall by virtueof the spring 73 into engagement with the end of said lever 54, and willhold the same in the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 until thecarriage has returned again to its normal initial position. Now when therecessed portion 71 of the lever 64 falls into engagement with lever 54it will be obvious that the opposite end of said lever 64 will beelevated in a proportionate degree and the pawl will move above thepoint of a ratchet-tooth in position to engage therewith when the saidlever descends. Secured to one of the supports 47, near the upper endthereof, is an angular plate 102, having the upwardly-inclined face 103.(See Fig. When the traveling carriage in recoiling reaches its normalinitial position the cam-head will be brought into contact with theinclined face 103 of the said plate 1 02, thereby elevating the saidcam-head 70 and the end of thelever 64 adjacent thereto, relieving thefree end of thelever 54 from the retaining agency of the cam-headjO, andthereby releasing the lever 54 to allowthe rack-bar 53 to resume itsnormal position,

which it will do by virtue of the spring 63, since the lever 54 is,after disengagement of the camhead 70, free to move from its restrictedposition. At the same time that the cam-head 70 is elevated, asdescribed, the opposite end of the lever 64 will be depressed and thespring-actuated pawl 65 will be brought into engagement with theratchet-teeth on the disk 75, thereby rotating the same, and with it thepaper-roll, a distance equal to the space between two lines. l/Vhen thesaid disk 75 has been rotated the proper distance the detent 72willengage the ratchet-teeth on said disk and will hold it from furthermovement, and the detent 101 will prevent rotation in the oppositedirection, as will be apparent.

The roll of paper 91 is supported on and above the traveling-carriage,as hereinbefore described, and the paper is fed from said roll asfollows The end of the paper is first passed down between the rollers 76and 43, and partially around the latter, between it and the spring-guide87, as shown clearly in Fig. 1. New it will be obvious that everyreversal of the traveling carriage and the consequent tripping of thelever 64 and the operation of the paper-roll step-by-step mechanism willcarry the paper out in the direction of the arrow to a distance equal towhat is termed a line-space. Thus the operation is continued until thedesired length of sheet has been written, at which time, if desirable,the operator can sever the written matter from the continuous roll bypulling the head of the sheet back against the knife and tearing it o.

. In Fig. 6 is shown a modification of the rackbar-shifting mechanismillustrated in Fig. 2.

AFrom the foregoing description and explanation, taken in connectionwith the illustrations, it will be seen that if both halves of thespring 63, which have their free extremities bearing respectivelyagainst the pins 62, are not exactly equal in tension, the lever 54,when operated by the fixed roller 99, will not withdraw the rack-bar 53squarely from its bearings. However, by the arrangement shown in Fig. 7,this difficulty is effectually overcome, inasmuch as the rack-bar 53 isprovided with two rearwardly-projecting lugs 108 108, each located atequal distances from the plates 52 52, and are each pivotally connectedto the plate 110. This plate is also provided with a centralrearwardly-projecting lug, as shown,.to which is pivoted the inclinedrear portion 58 of the shifting-lever 54. will be seen that if the freeend of the lever 54 is forced inwardly toward the rack-bar 53 the effector pull upon the said rack-bar 53 will be equally distributed to thepoints 108 108; and, furthermore, should the free end of the lever 54now be released the retracting agency of the spring 111, which isaffixed to the bar 42, will be exerted centrally between the points 108108, and therefore ,equall y upon the link-rods 109 109.

In Fig. 7 is shown a modiiied form of the Thus it IOO IIO

angular plate 102, having a small frictionroller 104 journaled in arecess 105 in its inclined face 103, and further provided with slots 106for the purpose of adjustment upon its supporting-screws.

I-Iaving thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In av carriage for a type-writer, the combination with areciprocating rack-bar; and a step by step device, substantially asdescribed, for actuating said rack-bar; of acam lever for shifting saidrack-bar; and a stop for intercepting and guiding said cam lever,whereby the said rack-bar is thrown out of engagement with said step bystep device by the action of the shiftinglever when actuated at acertain point in the line of its travel.

2. In a carriage for a type-writer, the combination with arack-barattached to a travcling carriage and arranged to have areciprocatory movement in its bearings; of a cam lever pivotallyconnected to said rack-bar; a fixed stop in the path of said lever,arranged to divert the free end of the latter from its normal positionby engagement; a retracting spring for restoring said rack-bar and leverto their normal position when they are free to return thereto; and meanssubstantially as described for actuating the traveling carriage.

3. The combination with the toothed rackbar arranged to have a lateralreciprocating movement in its bearings, of a fulcrumed lever attachedpivotally at one extremity by a link connection to the said rack-bar, aguiding roller located at a fixed point in the line of travel of thesaid lever and arranged to divert the free end thereof by engagementtherewith, a spring for retracting the rackbar to its normal positionwhen free toreturn thereto; and means substantially as described foradvancing the toothed rack-bar in a step by step manner, as specified.

4. In a carriage for a type-writer, the combination with the laterallyreciprocating toothed rack-bar, of the fulcrumed shifting leverpivotally connected at one end to the said rack-bar, a guiding rollerlocated at a fixed point in the line of travel of the shifting lever,and arranged to divert the same from its normal position at such fixedpoint, the spring actuated pivoted lever, G4, provided With a cam-headadapted to engage and hold the free end of the shifting lever when thelatter is diverted, a retracting-spring for the rack-bar, and meanssubstantially as described for advancing the traveling carriage,substantially as specified.

5. The combination with a reciprocating rack-bar and the fulcrumedshifting lever arranged as described, of the guiding roller located at afixed point in the line of travel of the shifting lever and arranged todivert thesaid lever at such :fixed point, the spring actuateddetent-lever, 64, having a cam-head for engaging and holding the freeend of the shifting lever at the time of its diversion, aretracting-spring for restoring the shifting lever to its normalposition when it is released from the cam-head of the lever 64, aguideplate at the beginning of the line for tripping the lever 64; andmeans substantially as described for advancing and reversing thetraveling carriage, as specified.

6. In a carriage for a type-writer, the combination with the fulcrumedshifting lever, 54, attached to a reciprocating rack-bar, and having afree extremity periodically in engagement with a cam-head of apawl-lever; and means substantially as described for periodicallyshifting said lever, 54; of a pawllever, 64, having a cam-head a fixedtripping plate for actuating said pawl lever; a step by step paperfeeding mechanism operated by said pawl-lever; and means substantiallyas described for actuating said rack-bar forward and backward.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

J. F. MCLAUGHLIN.

IVitnesses J ULrUs SOLGER, F. R. HARDING. 4

